What are the leading diseases that increase mortality rates among males worldwide? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men, with 1,414,259 cases diagnosed worldwide in 2020. In the United States, over 268,490 males were diagnosed with prostate cancer in the same year. Based on these numbers, prostate cancer is the fourth leading cause of death among men worldwide and the second leading cause of mortality in the United States.
Although the frequency of PSA incidence has decreased in the 2010s due to the introduction of POCT in the market and increased interest in the disease, the number of advanced-stage prostate cancer cases has risen by 4-6% from 2014 to 2018.
Group in a risk
Who is in the prostate cancer risk group? The American Cancer Society recommends that the following groups should be tested or screened:
Age 50 for men who are at average risk of prostate cancer and are expected to live at least 10 more years.
Age 45 for men at high risk of developing prostate cancer. African Americans and men who have a first-degree relative diagnosed with prostate cancer at an early age (≤ 65).
Age 40 for men at even high risk (those with more than one first-degree relative who had prostate cancer at an early age).
If the men found no symptom of a prostate cancer at the screening, the time between future screening depends on the results of blood test of PSA:
A men with ≤ 2.5 ng/mL may only need a retest every 2 years.
A men with ≥ 2.5 ng/mL should do the test yearly.
Furturemore, a men without a symptom should not be offered PSA test yearly because there are not likely of finding the clue of the presence.
Survival rate
The average 5-year survival rate for men with prostate cancer at the time of diagnosis is about 98% in the United States, and the 10-year survival rate is also 98%. Most people are diagnosed with prostate cancer at an early stage, when the cancer is confined to the prostate. In these cases, the 5-year survival rate is nearly 100% in the United States. However, for people with prostate cancer that has spread beyond the prostate, the 5-year survival rate drops to 31%.
Conclusion
In summary, the estimated numbers shown in the statistics suggest that the survival rate is likely to increase when prostate cancer is detected through PSA screening. It is important to note that these estimates do not necessarily represent individual survival rates, but they do highlight the importance of checking your PSA value if you want to maintain good health. Additionally, it is highly recommended to take a PSA test if you have a family history of prostate cancer or a record of previous treatment in order to monitor the progression of the disease.
Reference
[FREND System]
Rapid quantitative immunoassay analyzer
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